COPD, a prevalent and progressive lung disease, afflicts millions of individuals in India. It is characterized by persistent airflow limitation and an irreversible decline in lung function over time. Breathlessness, coughing, and increased susceptibility to respiratory infections are common symptoms experienced by COPD patients. These symptoms greatly hinder their ability to partake in physical activities and perform simple tasks like climbing stairs or carrying groceries. The presence of anxiety and depression exacerbates the already burdensome effects of COPD, leading to a diminished quality of life for those affected. The constant fear of breathlessness or worsening symptoms often results in social isolation and feelings of despair. Therefore, prompt intervention is crucial for effectively managing this condition.
Dr Pralhad PrabhudesaiPulmonologist, Lilavati Hospital said, “Factors such as air and vehicular pollution, construction work, burning of solid waste, smoke from fireworks, smoking and second-hand smoking, indoor air pollution- (using mosquito repellent and incense sticks, exposure to biomass fuel mainly in rural areas), construction debris, plants, factories and chimneys emitting pollution and the burning of waste materials take a toll on the respiratory system. Firecrackers release toxic chemicals such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide into the air. The particulate matter or PM 2.5 released from these explosive devices is particularly dangerous as it easily enters the respiratory system, causing inflammation and lung damage. In later life, a variety of health issues can arise, including COPD, asthma, cardiovascular diseases, runny nose, and hospital admissions. There has been an increase in the number of patients visiting the OPD with new-onset COPD symptoms such as weakened immunity, coughing, and severe breathlessness. Currently, around 8-10 patients with COPD are visiting Lilavati Hospital in the OPD and in the casualty. 40% to 50% of OPDs are full with chronic cough. Even other symptoms such as cough and severe breathlessness are also seen in patients. Additionally, cases of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), which can lead to lung scarring, are also on the rise and require timely intervention. By promoting awareness about the negative effects of firecracker pollution, people can be encouraged to choose safer alternatives or completely eliminate their use.”
Dr Prabhudesai added, “Medications are essential for effectively managing symptoms and halting the progression of diseases. Influenza / Pneumococcal vaccines are essential in COPD management. So, get vaccinated as per the doctor’s advice. Quit smoking and opt for pulmonary rehabilitation programs encompass various elements such as exercise training, education on COPD management techniques, nutritional counseling, and psychological support. These programs aim to enhance the quality of life for COPD patients and decrease the frequency of hospitalizations. It is also important to educate COPD patients regarding the management of the condition, improve symptoms, and prevent exacerbations.”
