Hyderabad: A new study has revealed genetic factors associated with longer lifespans among Indians, shedding light on the biological underpinnings of ageing. Published in ‘npj Aging’ by Springer Nature, the research identified nine genetic variants linked to longevity, offering fresh insights into the role of genetics in healthy ageing.
The study analysed DNA samples from 1,267 individuals, including 133 long-living individuals (LLIs) aged 85 and above, and 1,134 young individuals (control group) aged between 18 and 49. The LLIs had a mean age of 93.4 years, while the control group’s average age was 36.4 years. Equal representation of genders was maintained in the sample pool. Using data from GenomegaDB, a genetic database of Indians, the researchers applied advanced genetic analysis techniques to identify variants associated with longevity.
The study was conducted by researchers from Hyderabad-based Mapmygenome and the Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions (SRISTI) in Ahmedabad, led by Sandhya Kiran Pemmasani. A custom genetic chip was employed to detect variants linked to several conditions, including cancers, cardiovascular and neurological disorders, and metabolic diseases. Analysis pinpointed nine genetic variants that were significantly more common in LLIs than in younger individuals.
The researchers found that alleles — one of two or more versions of DNA sequence at a given genomic location — associated with traits such as slower heart rate, lower risk of osteoporosis, and shorter body height were more frequent in LLIs. Conversely, variants linked to higher risks of atrial fibrillation, biliary disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety, and neuroticism were less common in the long-living group. Notably, a specific allele, previously associated with longevity in Japanese, German, and French populations, was also found to play a significant role in this Indian cohort.
Further analysis revealed that genes involved in oxidative stress, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, glucose metabolism, and energy metabolism were key contributors to longevity.
Researchers further noted that replication studies across diverse populations are necessary to confirm these associations and understand their global implications. The study’s results could also guide strategies for promoting longevity and healthy ageing through clinical and lifestyle interventions.
